Carbureter for explosive-engines.



w.1'. RUBESKY. CARBURETER FOR EXPKLOSIVE ENGINES.

APPLl'CATlON FILED` OCT. Il 19091 RENEWED JUNE 17. i914.

Patented May18 r. Engines, of Which the following is a speci- ATENTonirica.

WILLIAM J. BUBESKY, OF MINNEAPOLIS, MINNESOTA. i

. QARBURETER FOR EXPLosrvninvsrivns.4

Specification o f Letters Patent.

Patented May 18, 1915.

' Application filed-October 11, 1909, Serial No. 522,200. Renewed .Tune17, 1914. Serial No. 845,722.

To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, WILmAM J. RUBESKY, ofMinneapolis, Hennepin county, Minnesota, have invented certain new anduseful Improvements in Carbureters for Explosivefication.

The object of my invention is to provide a carbureter by means of whicha thorough explosive Amixture can be obtained under variousconditions-and speeds of the engine and an even distributioneiected with'a high or low grade volatile oil.

Overheating is responsible for injury or destruction to various parts ofa cylinder, especially those of the air cooled type and a thoroughexplosive mixture, or one Wherein combustion will be practicallycomplete,

capable of convenient, accurate adjustment in case of change oftemperature or variations in the grade of oil, and one which can beeasily regulated by an unskilled operator.

A further object is-to provide a carbureterl in which all parts areeasily accessible for inspection and cleaning.

A further object is to provide a carbureter capable of application to a2 or 4 cycle .engine and particularly designed Yto meet therequirementsof a 2. cycle engine.

My `invention conslsts generally 1n various constructions andcombinations, all

vas `hereinafter described and particularly pointedout in the claims.

In the accompanying drawings forming apart of this specification, Figure1 is a -vertical sectional view of a carbureter embodying my invention,Fig. 2 is a detail sectional view of a modiiied construction, showingthe valve closed. Fig. 3 is a similar view,'illustrating the valve open.A

In the drawing,2 represents the oil supply pipevand 3 an oil ductcommunicating with the pipe 2 through a suitable screen or strainer 4.Th'e duct 3 leads into a chamber 5, provided within a casing 6 and has avalve seat 7 that is adapted to receive a needle valve 8 that is carriedby a rod 9 v and is normally held on the seat 7 by a coil spring 10. Thetension of this spring is regulated by means of an eXteriorly threadedsleeve-11 having a socket 1 to receive the upper end of the rod 9 andfitting with- .in an eXteriorly threaded split collar 13 `hav- 39, whichis ,coiled around the rod 37.

ing a lock nut 14. Thethreadsof this collar are tapered so that itssections will be clamped around the sleeve when the -lock nut is turneddown. A series of arms 15 are pivoted at 16 within 'the valve casing andproject outwardly and upwardly into the path of a float 17. This floatis adapted to move up and down on the rod 9 `Within the chamber 5 andcontact with the arms 15 to raise the valve 8 oif from its seat againstthe tension of the Spring 10 and admit oil to the chamber 5. The degreeof resistance of the spring 10 to the movement of the valve may beeasily regulated by the adjustment of the sleeve 11. The casing 6 has aremovable cap 18 which permits access to and in the space between thecylinder and the tube are ranged va series of wicks 25, which Ipreferably term armored, having a series of non-corrosive wires coiledabout a comparatively small cotton core. If preferred, the cotton coremay be omitted entirely and wicks used composed entirely of small wires.

An annular space 26 is provided above the groove 20 and between it andthe lower ends of the wicks, through which the oil is fed to the wicks.An elbow 27 is provided in the lower end of the ring 21 and has an airintake opening 28 and a valve 29. -A casing 30 is mounted on thecylinder 22 and has an annular passage 31 formed therein, communicatingthrough ports 32 in said cylinder with lthe upper ends of the armoredwicks, and the tube 24 has a Haring upper portion 33, providedwithvports 34,

vpposite substantially the ports 32. A valve 35 controls the admissionof air to the passage 31. On the casing 30 is mounteda second elbow 36,having a throttle valve 37 and-having means for connection with theengine cylinders. A rod 37 has its lower end threaded into thev wallofthe elbow 27 and provided on its upper end with an exteriorly threadedsleeve 38 that is adapted to bear on the upper end of a spiral springThe j adjustment of the sleeve 38am-said rod regulates the tension ofsaid spring and both of the elbows may be swung around to any desiredposition with respect to the carbureter casingV for connection with theengine cylinder. To move the elbow, it is only necessary to loosen therod 37 to permit the rotation of the elbows to the desired position.Upon the rod 37 a cone shaped valve 40, preferably of cork, 1s mounted,and' adapted to slide vertically with the suction stroke of the engineagainst the pressure of the spring 39. The taper of this cone shapedvalve corresponds to the flare of the tube portion 33 and when the valveis in its depressed position it is seated snugly against the said flaredportion and closes` the ports 34. This valve slides freely on the rod 37and a series of annular grooves 41 are provided therein to collectsediment and prevent the valve from sticking. A chamber 49 is formed inthe casing 30 above the normal position of the valve.in which a thoroughmixture of the air andoil is made before entering the passage leading tothe cylinder. An annular passage 43 is provided in the inner wall of thecylinder-22, inclosing the armored wicks and communicating with apassage 44 leading to the upper portion of the chamber 5 above thenormal position of the float 17.

In Figs. 2 and 3 I have illustrated a modification in the constructionof the carburetor, which consists in providing a valve 45 having ports46 in its walls above the ports 34 which communicate with \the armoredwicks. The upper end of the valve has an annular flange 47 formedthereon, provided with ports 48 which are located near similar ports 49in the upper end or head of the valve. i These ports, 48 and 49, arelocated in a plane substantially at right angles to one another so thatthe oil and air passing therethrough will meet and be thoroughly mingledbefore passing to the cylinder. The lifting of the valve 45 throughthesuction in the cylinder will cause it to assume the position shown inFig. 3, exposing the portsv 84 and allowing a portion of the mixture topass through the ports 46 and from thence through the ports 49 into thepath of the mixture flowing through the ports 48. In this way a morecomplete mixture of the air and oil will-be obtained and the oil isthoroughly atomized before entering the passage to the cylinder. Viththis construction I am able to thoroughly atomize a low grade oil,provision being made for bringing the air directly in contact with thevapor and causing it to be thoroughly saturated. All the principalworking parts of the carbureter move vertically, thereby insuringuniform action and reducing the wear to a minimum. All removable partsare independent of one -in one or more cylinders, the cone valve? willimmediately close and shut off communication with the supply andon thenext suction stroke after back fire the valve will respond and feed anyof the other cylinders which it is possible to operate, thus permittingthe operation of a defective engine.

rI`he cone valve, when closed, conceals the ports leading to thewicksiand I am able to use a fibrous wick without danger of damage to itin case of back firing in the engine, as the valve will instantly closeand shut off the ports through which the oil is delivered. lVhen thevalve rises on the suction stroke a narrow passage will be formedAbetween it and the valve seat and the oil supply or vapor ports willsaturate the passing currents of air being delivered at right anglessubstantially thereto, and as the area of the passage can be lveryaccurately controlled by means of the throttle valve, it follows thatthe quantity of gas allowed to passthe valve .will depend upon the speedof the engine and the work the operator desired it to do. The innersurface of the casing 30 is corrugated, as indicated at 30', and theeffect of this corrugation is to break up the air currents and finishthe mixing of the vapor therewith. l/Vith this apparatus, athoroughmixing of the charge will take place at the seat of carburization andwhen the charge passes the throttle valve it is ready to be4 kture isobtained. rIhe mixture probably will be found too rich for a lowthrottle and lowering of the oil level by temporarily cutting off thesupply will be necessary, but by experimenting a short time the desiredadjustment can be readily determined. In case low and half speeds areburning satisfactory cliarges, but full speed too rich a charge, I mayincrease the quantity of air entering by adjusting the vapor port supplypipe valve until the desired mixture is attained for full speed. In manycases a suitable adjustment can be effected by means of the oil leveland the cone valve spring tension.

I have found the armored wick very satisfa'ctory', as it can be easilycleaned by screwing the drain block and emersing the carbureter inboiling water.

prefer to make the outside easing and base of aluminum. The ordinarywick or those of felt are undesirable, as the small bers 4loosentherefrom, frequently Working into the vapor outlet ports andclogging'them.

VThe wire covered wicks are thoroughly procient oil from the Wires tobecome thor-y oughly saturated. The wicks being tightly packed in thepath of the air currents and extended above the ports, a considerablequantity of oil cannot gat/her at any one point, but the surfaces of thewires exposed to the currents will carry such a considerable quantity ofoil that small wicks can be used and very eiiicient results obtained,and although the wicks are 'packed closely together the air currentswill cross them with- .out difliculty and a surplus of liquid willalways be held by the wicks in the point of Carburation.

I prefer to arrange the vapor outlet ports 34 a little higher than theair supply ports 82, as this tends to direct'the currents of air upwardand assist the wicks in'maintaining a surplus of oil at the seat ofcarburi'za'- tion. The main air supply, passing up through' the centerof the wick chamber warmed slightly by its passage through the chamber,will tend to raise the temperature of the oil and will prevent waterwhich may collect around the base of the wick chamber from freezing. Thethrottle in the main air supply .opening is designed particularly foruse in starting in coldweather. At such times it is nearly closed andafter the engine is started and warmed up the opening may be enlarged. Iam also able by the adjustment of this lower throttle to obtain a.lighter or richer mixture of the air and oil, as may be required.

I claim as my invention.

1. A carbureter comprising inner and outer wick tubes and wicks having afibrous core and a metallic covering 'therefor disposed between saidtubes, means for delivering oil to said wicks, said tubes having portsin their upper walls and said inner tube having an air intake, a valvearranged to close the ports in said inner tube, said valve being adaptedto open on the suction stroke The wires varound the wicks arenon-corrosive and I l' of the enginel and permitting currents of air tosaid Wicks, substantially as described.

2.A vA carbureter comprising inner anr1 outer Wick tubes, a wick locatedbetween the same, means for supplying oil to said wick, the upp'er wallsof said tubes having a series of ports therein, said inner. tube havingan air intake, a lvalve arranged to close the ports in said inner tubeand open with the suction stroke and permitting currents of air to beestablished through said ports to said wick.

3. A carbureter comprising inner and outer wick tubes, a wick disposedbetween the same, means for delivering oil thereto, the upper walls ofsaid wick tubes having a series of ports, said inner tube having an airintake and a flaring upper end and a cone shaped valve fitting theflared end of said inner tube and normally closing the ports therein,said valve opening by suction and permitting currents of air to passthrough said ports to said wick.

4. A carbureter comprising innerand outer wick tubes, said inner tubehaving an air intake, a seriesl of metal covered wicks disposed betweensaid tubes, means for supplying oil to said wicks, the upper walls ofsaid tubes having ports therein, and the upper portion of said inner.tubeI being flared, a cone shaped valve normally closing the ports ofsaid inner tube and fitting said fiaringsurfaee, said valve opening onthe suction stroke and permitting the passage of air through said portsto said wicks.

5. A carbureter comprising inner and outer wick tubes and wicks inclosedthereby, said inner tube having an air intake,'

means for supplying' oil to said wicks, the upper walls of said innerwick tube being flared and said tubes having air ports, the ports insaid inner wick tube being located in its fiared portion, a cone shapedvalve fitting the flared surface of said tube, a ver-k tically arrangedrod whereon said valve is slidable, a spring coiled on said rod, meansfor regulating the tension of said spring, said valve opening on thesuction stroke and exposing the ports in said inner tube and permittingcurrents of air to flow4 therethrough to wicks.

6. A carbureter comprising a casing, an elbow having an air intakeopening fitting one end of said casing, a second'elbow fitting theopposite end of said casing and having an opening leading to thecylinder,

a rod having its ends 4mounted in said casing, whereby rotary adjustmentof said elbows around said casing is permitted. c

Aelbows concentrically with respect to said 30 communicating with saidwick, va .Valve havingports leading to said wick, said cas-- ing havingair intake ports, a conical valve fitting lsaid seat and normallyclosing the ports therein, means forvsupplying oil to said wick, saidvalve being adapted to open on the suction stroke, the currents of airowing past the ports in said valve seat mingling with the oil saturatedcurrents through said ports, whereby a thorough mixture will beobtained.

8. A carbureter comprising a casing and a series of wicks therein havingfibrous cores and metallic coverings, means for supplying oil to saidwicks, a valve seat having ports therein leading to'said wicks, saidcasing having ports opposite the ports in said valve seat, a valvearranged to normally close the ports in said valve seat, said valveopening with the suction stroke, said casing having an air intakeopening leading to said seat, the air flowing past the ports in saidseat mingling with the saturated currents 2 therefrom, whereby acomplete mixture will be obtained. v

9. The combination, with a casing, hav- -ing an air chamber and aregulating valve, Said casing having airports leading to said chamber,of a wick provided within said casing and means for supplying oil tosaid wick, a valve seat having ports therein adapted to iit said seatand close theports therein and openon the suction stroke, said casinghaving an air intake opening at one end leading to said valve, and thecurrents of air owing through said valvepast the ports in said seatmingling .with the cross currents in said wick, for' the purposespecified.

10. A carbureter comprising a wick and inclosing walls therefor, aflaring seat having ports leading to said wick, a cone shaped valveadapted to it said seat and having a head and ports in its side wallsabove and below said head, the side walls below said head havingports-leading to a chamber formed therein, said'valve opening on thesuction stroke and the air drawn past said valve iiowing into andthrough said chamber and through the'ports in the walls above said headand meeting at an angle to one another, and the outer walls inclosingsaid wick having ports opposite those in the inner` wall, the saturatedcurrents vof air fiowing through said inner po s and mingling with thosepassing said valve.

11. ln a carbureter, a wick, a source of oil supply connected therewith,walls having a valve seat and ports therein between which walls saidwick is inserted, said wick operating to feed the oil by capillaryattraction to said ports, and a valve normally closing said ports andadapted to open on the suction stroke of the engine.

1,14.oooo A 12. A carbureter comprising an air intake pipe having portsin its walls,a valve adapted'to close said ports and open with thesuction stroke of the engine, and a wick communicating with a source ofoil supply and adapted to feed the oil by capillary attraction to saidports.

13. A carbureter comprising an air intake pipe having ports in its wallsand a valve normally closing said ports and adapted to open with thesuction stroke, 'a Wick communicating witha source of oil supply andadapted to feed `it'by capillary attraction to said ports, and a mixingchamber communicating with said ports when said valve is opened.

14. A carbureter comprising a casing, a wick therein communicating witha source of oil supply, a valve having a tapered seat and ports thereinthrough which currents of air are directed across said wick, a coneshaped valve adapted to close the ports in said seat and shut off theair currents, said valve being composed of comparatively light materialand adapted to open on the suction stroke of the engine, for the purposespecified.

15. A carbureter comprising a casing, a wick therein c'ommunicating witha source of oil supply, said casing having an air intake openinginclosed by saidwick, and air ports through which currents of air areestablished across said wick, a valve arranged to close said air intake-passage and ports, the currents of air in said passa-ge and portsmixing near said valve'when it is open and said valve being composed ofcomparatively light material and adapted to open on the suction stroke.

16. A carbureter comprising a casing having an air intake opening and atapered valve seat inclosing said opening, a cone shaped valve ofcomparatively light material, such as cork, adapted to fit said seat andslidably mounted and yieldingly held toward said seat and adapted toopen on the suction stroke, said tapered seat having ports therein andmeans for delivering .oil to said ports.

17. A carbureter comprising a casing having air intake ports, a wickwithin said casing communicating With a source of oil supply, saidcasing having a valve seat *through which said ports extend, said casinghaving a central air intake inclosed by said seat and a. chamber abovesaid seat, a sliding valve adapted to close said intake ports and saidpassage and open on the suction stroke, the currents of air, passingthrough said ports and central intake passage mingling between saidvalve seat and valve substantially as described.

18. A carbureter comprising a series of wicks communicating with asource of oil supply, an air intake inclosed by said wicks and havingports in its Walls, a valve normally closing said ports, said Wicksoperating to deliver the oil by capillary attraction to said ports, saidvalve being composed of comparatively light material and adapted to openwith the suction stroke of the engine.

l!). carbureter .comprising a series of Wicks arranged in a` circularform and a source of oil supply connected therewith, an air intakeinclosed by said Wicks, a valve also inclosed by said wicks forcontrolling the flow of air through said intake, and ineans fordelivering the hydro-carbon brought up by said Wicks into the path ofthe air currents.

20. A carbureter comprising a Wick and a source'o't oil supply connectedtherewith, a closely coiled Wire covering for said Wick,

a' valve seat inclosed byvsaid Wick and hav`v ing perfor-ations thereinand through which perforatlons currents of air are directed to saidWick, and a valve adapted t0 open on the suction stroke of the enginefor normally closing said perfor-ations.

2l. A earbureter 4comprising a Wick and a source of oil supply connectedtherewitha tapered valve seat inclosed by said Wick and having a seriesof perforations through which currents of air are directedl to saidwick, and a tapered valve adaptedto normally 'close said perforationsand composed of comparatively light material, said valve opening on thesuction stroke of the engine. 22. A carburetor comprising a wickcarrier, Wicks having metallic surfaces mounted in said carrier,'areservoir having .a paissage communicating with the lower portion ofsaid Wicks for delivering'fuel oil-thereto, said carrier having portsinfits Walls leading to and from said wicks, and ak valve for saidports.

23. In a carbureter, a Wiel: having a' inetallic surface and a carrierprovided With a socket into which said wick is inserted, one end of saidwick communicating With a source of oil supply, said carrier havingports leading to and from said wick, for the purpose specified.

, In Witness whereof, I have hereunto ser my hand this 6th day ofOctober 1909.

` WILLIAM J. RUBESKY. Witnesses: i

RICHARD PAUL, J. A. BYINGTON.

